Salute del sonno: come migliorarla con antiossidanti e vitamine

I disturbi del sonno possono accelerare l’invecchiamento?

 

Recenti ricerche scientifiche hanno rivelato che l’insufficiente o l’eccessiva durata del sonno (1-7) (Nota 1) causano importanti alterazioni delle funzioni cellulari del nostro organismo e ne accelerano l’invecchiamento biologico (8-35).

 

Gli stili di vita nocivi, gli inquinanti ambientali ecc., hanno un’impatto negativo sui ritmi sonno-veglia (36-62).

 

Le alterazioni del sonno possono causare malattie? 

 

Le alterazioni del sonno e l’accelerazione dell’età biologica aumentano il rischio di malattie croniche e di vari disturbi clinici che, a loro volta, possono compromettere la qualità e la durata del sonno, es.:

 

- malattie cardiometaboliche, come ipertensione arteriosa, fibrillazione striale, ictus, obesità, diabete ecc. (63-73);

 

- malattie neurodegenerative, come il declino cognitivo,  Alzheimer, Parkinson  (64, 74-86);

 

- disturbi d’ansia (30, 87)e depressione (15, 88, 89, 90);

 

- malattia cronica renale (91);

 

- persistente stanchezza fisica e mentale hanno un’interdipendenza con la qualità del sonno (92-97). Esiste inoltre il rischio di sviluppare forme di sindrome da stanchezza cronica (92-99).

 

 

Quali altre condizioni possono pregiudicare la salute del sonno?

 

Oltre a stile di vita, inquinanti ecc., esistono molte condizioni che facilitano l’insorgenza o sono generate dagli stessi disturbi del sonno, ad esempio:

 

stress psicofisico (124, 125);  sedentarietà (126, 127); gravidanza (128); infertilità femminile (129, 130); peri- e post-menopausa (131-138); livelli di testosterone (139-144); disbiosi intestinale (145-155).

 

L’eccessivo consumo di cibi e bevande ultra-processati può aggravare l’infiammazione cronica dell’organismo e facilitare l’insorgenza di malattie metaboliche, gastrointestinali, cardiovascolari e neuropsichiatriche (156-161).

 

L’insonnia, ad esempio,  risulta associata in modo significativo a diete ricche di cibi ultra-processati (162). Altri studi dimostrano l’aumento dei disturbi del post-menopausa, inclusi quelli del sonno (163). Simili problematiche sono state osservate anche in età pediatrica  (164) e negli adolescenti (165).

 

Ricordiamo il negativo impatto diretto dell’infiammazione cronica sull’invecchiamento biologico (23), un fenomeno aggravato da altri processi fisiopatologici tipici dell’aging (24, 166-170).

 

E’ possibile ridurre l’infiammazione cronica e lo stress ossidativo?

 

Lo stile di vita insalubre ed una dieta pro-infiammatoria espongono ad un’alto rischio di disturbi neuropsichiatrici, inclusi quelli del sonno, ansia - depressione, demenza ecc. (171-176).

 

In queste condizioni l’organismo si trova con insufficienti difese antiossidanti ed antinfiammatorie (177-180), che pregiudicano ulteriormente la qualità e la durata del sonno, sia in difetto, sia in eccesso (181).

 

Aumenta anche il rischio d’insorgenza e sviluppo di vari problemi clinici legati al sonno, es.:

bruxismo (182), apnee notturne (183), declino cognitivo (184), depressione (185, 186), ed altre manifestazioni (187, 188, 189, 190).

 

Per questo incrementare le capacità antiossidanti ed antinfiammatorie aiuta a ridurre il rischio di disturbi del sonno, ansia, depressione, ictus,  ecc.(181, 184, 185, 187, 188,  190, 191, 192).

 

 

Vitamine ed antiossidanti/ antinfiammatori possono proteggere anche la salute del sonno?

Alcune vitamine e molecole antiossidanti / antinfiammatorie hanno una positiva influenza sulla qualità e la durata del sonno, oltre a rallentare l’aging e prevenire i disturbi correlati (193, 194).

 

Queste molecole possono essere introdotte nell’organismo con l’alimentazione e/o con un’appropriata integrazione (195, 196).

 

Nell’ambito del sonno è conosciuto il ruolo della melatonina, il neuro-ormone sintetizzato prevalentemente dalla ghiandola pineale per modulare i ritmi circadiani,  oltre all’ossido-infiammazione e le funzioni dei mitocondri (107, 197, 198, 199).

 

Altre molecole contribuiscono in modo significativo alla salute del sonno.

 

Tra queste anche alcuni componenti degli integratori antiaging studiati e commercializzati da Mitochon srl https://www.mitochon.it/:

 

•   Mitofast bit.ly/3VUlGkS integratore orosolubile di: coenzima Q10 100 mg; resveratrolo 40 mg; N-acetilcisteina 150 mg; N-acetilglucosamina 150 mg; vitamina C 20 mg; acido folico 400 mcg.

 

•   Mitofast B12  bit.ly/4d5ll4P integratore liquido di cianocobalamina (vitamina B 12).

 

Vitamine

Insufficienti livelli ematici di vitamina B12 e folati (201, 202, 203) sono associati ad un’aumento della gravità dell’insonnia e dell’ansia (204-207).

 

L’assunzione mirata di circa 400 mcg giornalieri di acido folico (la forma di folati presente negli integratori) è associata ad un basso rischio di disturbi del sonno (208).

 

Queste vitamine del gruppo B regolano anche i livelli ematici di omocisteina, legati in modo bidirezionale ai disturbi del sonno, ed alle malattie cardiovascolari e neurodegenerative, che possono insorgere in caso di iperomocisteinemia  (201-215).

 

In uno studio clinico della durata di 30 giorni, l’acido folico contenuto in Mitofast bit.ly/3VUlGkS ha ridotto i livelli plasmatici di omocisteina del 13%, con significatività statistica (200).

 

Insieme ad altre vitamine, C, E, D, carotenoidi, polifenoli (es.: resveratrolo, curcumina), la vitamina B12 e l’acido folico regolano la composizione del microbiota intestinale, ed esercitano importanti effetti antinfiammatori  (201, 202, 203, 216, 217).  

 

Nel loro complesso assumere adeguate quantità giornaliere di queste vitamine consente di aumentare le difese antiossidanti / antinfiammatorie dell’organismo (226-232), prevenire i disturbi del sonno (183, 233-242), rallentare l’invecchiamento biologico e le sue complicazioni (243-250)

 

Resveratrolo

Oltre agli effetti antiaging il resveratrolo contribuisce a migliorare la qualità del sonno (251), attenuare l’ansia / depressione (124, 251) ed i processi fisiopatologici delle malattie neurodegenerative (252) e di altre malattie croniche (72, 73, 86, 124, 216, 252, 253).

 

Sono inoltre noti benefici clinici del resveratrolo nei disturbi della menopausa (255, 256, 257).

 

L’integrazione di resveratrolo ha recentemente dimostrato di rallentare l’età biologica (258, 259, 262).

 

N-acetilcisteina / glutatione

La N-acetilcisteina promuove la sintesi cellulare di glutatione.

Questo potente antiossidanteè coinvolto anche nella regolazione del sonno, aumentando le difese antiossidanti dell’organismo, che tendono a diminuire con l’avanzare degli anni  (176-181, 183, 196).

Ripristinare adeguati livelli di glutatione risulta vantaggioso per la composizione del microbiota intestinale (265), ed in altre condizione fisiche come la gravidanza (266) e la menopausa (267); con benefici per la qualità del sonno e per ridurre i disturbi collegati (264, 268, 269).

 

L’integrazione con Mitofast bit.ly/3VUlGkS incrementa in modo significativo i livelli plasmatici di glutatione totale (+ 53%)(200).

 

Coenzima Q10 

Il coenzima Q10 è un potente attività antiossidante / antinfiammatorie svolge azioni neuroprotettive (273). Inoltre, svolge significative attività antiaging e di prevenzione delle malattie dipendenti dall’età, es.: cardiovascolari e neurodegenerative (273).

 

Con l’avanzamento dell’età, le concentrazioni plastiche di coenzima Q10 accusano un progressivo abbassamento, con conseguente flessione delle difese antiossidanti dell’organismo (195, 200, 273, 274).

 

Le ricerche disponibili sul coenzima Q10  aprono a nuove interessanti prospettive anche per il miglioramento del sonno (97, 275-278).

 

La somministrazione di Mitofast bit.ly/3VUlGkS aumenta in modo significativo (+ 184%) i livelli plasmatici di coenzima Q10 (200). Questo contribuisce a mantenere nella forma attiva la vitamina E presente nell’organismo, aumentandone le concentrazioni plasmatiche dell’11%, con significatività statistica (200).

 

Gli integratori Mitochon, oltre l’antiaging

 

La sinergia tra questi componenti di Mitofast bit.ly/3VUlGkS e l’eventuale associazione con Mitofast B12  bit.ly/4d5ll4P contribuiscono ad aumentare le capacità antiossidanti totali dell’organismo (200), ridurre l’ossido-infiammazione e la disfunzione mitocondriale, oltre a dimostrare un’elevata sicurezza nella posologia consigliata (200).

 

Sono azioni di estrema importanza per:

 

•   rallentare l’invecchiamento cutaneo e sistemico (72, 73, 86, 102, 124, 126, 195, 200-203, 216, 253-256, 259, 260, 270-273);

 

•   ridurre l’insorgenza e lo sviluppo di disturbi clinici derivanti dall’età, ed anche dall’insufficiente qualità e durata del sonno (279);

 

•   contribuire ad ostacolare i meccanismi che possono aumentare il rischio delle alterazioni qualitative e quantitative del sonno, mantenendo alte le difese antiossidanti dell’organismo, sottoposto ai danni ossido-infiammatori derivanti da fattori interni ed esterni (279).

 

Nota 1 (1-7)

L’insufficienti ore di sonno (inferiori a 6 ore) e le problematiche connesse rappresentano un crescente problema mondiale.

L’insonnia è il disturbo del sonno più diffuso.

La forma cronica del disturbo da insonnia colpisce circa il 6-10% della popolazione.

Le forme d’insonnia acute o transitorie, possono interessare fino al 60-80% della popolazione occidentale. Queste forme d’insonnia possono regredire spontaneamente nell’arco di circa 3 mesi.

Nell’80% dei casi tendono a cronicizzarsi con conseguenze negative sul rendimento psico-fisico,  sulla qualità della vita e sulla salute generale dei pazienti che ne sono affetti.

 

 

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73. Mini-Review Sovrappenso / Obesità - Resveratrolo - Antiossidanti 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/sovrappeso-obesita-quale-contributo-dal-resveratrolo-ed-altri-antiossidanti/?v=0d149b90e739

74. Madamanchi K, Zhang J, Melkani GC. Linkage of circadian rhythm disruptions with Alzheimer's disease and therapeutic interventions. Acta Pharm Sin B. 2025 Jun;15(6):2945-2965. doi: 10.1016/j.apsb.2025.04.011.

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76. Ungvari Z, Fekete M, Lehoczki A, Munkácsy G, Fekete JT, Zábó V, Purebl G, Varga P, Ungvari A, Győrffy B. Sleep disorders increase the risk of dementia, Alzheimer's disease, and cognitive decline: a meta-analysis. Geroscience. 2025 Jun;47(3):4899-4920. doi: 10.1007/s11357-025-01637-2.

77.Lee HS, Kim B, Park T. The association between sleep quality and accelerated epigenetic aging with metabolic syndrome in Korean adults. Clin Epigenetics. 2024 Jul 16;16(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s13148-024-01706-x.

78. Nagayach A, Bhaskar R, Ghosh S, M D, Abomughaid MM, Han SS, Singh KK, Almutary AG, Chaudhary K, Atteri S, Chauhan AS, Jha NK, Sinha JK. Interplay between circadian rhythm, ageing and neurodegenerative disorder. Open Biol. 2025 Jul;15(7):240161. doi: 10.1098/rsob.240161.

79. Khandayataray P, Murthy MK. Exploring the nexus: Sleep disorders, circadian dysregulation, and Alzheimer's disease. Neuroscience. 2025 May 14;574:21-41. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2025.03.066.

80. Tian ZY, Jiang B, Jin M, Yu XK, Chen QL, Wang JH. Alzheimer's disease and insomnia: a bibliometric study and visualization analysis. Front Aging Neurosci. 2025 Apr 8;17:1542607. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2025.1542607.

81. Panda SP, Sinha S, Kesharwani A, Kumar S, Singh M, Kondepudi GM, Samuel A, Sanghi AK, Thapliyal S, Chaubey KK, Guru A. Role of OX/OXR cascade in insomnia and sleep deprivation link Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease: Therapeutic avenue of Dual OXR Antagonist (DORA). Biochem Pharmacol. 2025 Mar;233:116794. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2025.116794.

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83. Si TL, Wang YY, Li JX, Bai W, Sun HL, Rao SY, Zhu HY, Ungvari GS, Su Z, Cheung T, Ng CH, Xiang YT, Wang G. Poor sleep quality among patients with Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Front Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 16;16:1606743. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1606743.

84. Huang T, Beydoun MA, Kianersi S, Redline S, Launer LJ. Multi-dimensional sleep health and dementia risk: a prospective study in the UK Biobank. BMC Med. 2025 Jul 7;23(1):410. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04251-3. 

85. Lam A, Kong D, D'Rozario AL, Ireland C, Ahmed RM, Schrire ZM, Mowszowski L, Michaelian J, Grunstein RR, Naismith SL. Sleep disturbances and disorders in the memory clinic: Self-report, actigraphy, and polysomnography. J Alzheimers Dis. 2025 Jul;106(1):78-93. doi: 10.1177/13872877251338065.

86. Mini-Review Antiaging cognitivo 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/antiaging-cognitivo/?v=0d149b90e739

87. Zagaria A, Ballesio A. Insomnia symptoms as long-term predictors of anxiety symptoms in middle-aged and older adults from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), and the role of systemic inflammation. Sleep Med. 2024 Dec;124:120-126. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.09.020. 

88. Irwin MR, Boyle CC, Cho JH, Piber D, Sadeghi N, Castillo D, Smith MT, Eisenberger NI, Olmstead R. Inflammatory Exposure and Depression in Older Adults With Insomnia: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 16:e251327. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2025.1327.

89. Wallace ML, Oryshkewych N, Hoepel SJW, Buysse DJ, Mentch L, Butters MA, Stone KL, Yaffe K, Barnes LL, Lim AS, Ensrud KE, Paudel ML, Luik A. An international multi-cohort investigation of self-reported sleep and future depressive symptoms in older adults. Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 4;15(1):23918. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-07864-z.

90. Zhu R, Wang L, Wu X, Wang K. Systemic inflammatory indices and the risk of depression in individuals with sleep difficulties: A cohort study based on NHANES 2005-2020. Compr Psychoneuroendocrinol. 2025 May 12;23:100299. doi: 10.1016/j.cpnec.2025.100299.

91. Wang K, Ye S, Feng H, Liang YY, Guo S, Zheng R, Zhou Y, Jia G, Qi L, Zhao G, Zhang J, Ai S. Causal Associations of Insomnia With Chronic Kidney Diseases and Underlying Blood Proteins: An Observational and Mendelian Randomization Study. Mayo Clin Proc. 2025 Jul;100(7):1127-1141. doi: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2024.12.020.

92. Ayas FY, Özcebe LH. The relationship between fatigue, sleep quality, and sleep deprivation. Sleep Breath. 2025 Jan 13;29(1):73. doi: 10.1007/s11325-024-03231-w.

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94. Benton JS, Lee CL, Long HA, Sugavanam T, Holmes L, Keane A, Thurley N, Kyle S, Ray D, French DP. Shift workers' experiences and views of sleep disturbance, fatigue and healthy behaviors: a systematic review and qualitative evidence synthesis. Scand J Work Environ Health. 2025 Jul 1;51(4):282-297. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4223.

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96. Shankar V, Wilhelmy J, Curtis EJ, Michael B, Cervantes L, Mallajosyula V, Davis RW, Snyder M, Younis S, Robinson WH, Shankar S, Mischel PS, Bonilla H, Davis MM. Oxidative stress is a shared characteristic of ME/CFS and Long COVID. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2025 Jul 15;122(28):e2426564122. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2426564122.

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98. Wang L, Aton SJ. Perspective - ultrastructural analyses reflect the effects of sleep and sleep loss on neuronal cell biology. Sleep. 2022 May 12;45(5):zsac047. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsac047. 

99. Lin W, Saner NJ, Weng X, Caruana NJ, Botella J, Kuang J, Lee MJ, Jamnick NA, Pitchford NW, Garnham A, Bartlett JD, Chen H, Bishop DJ. The Effect of Sleep Restriction, With or Without Exercise, on Skeletal Muscle Transcriptomic Profiles in Healthy Young Males. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022 Jul 22;13:863224. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2022.863224.

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101. Mir FA, Lark ARS, Nehs CJ. Unraveling the interplay between sleep, redox metabolism, and aging: implications for brain health and longevity. Front Aging. 2025 May 21;6:1605070. doi: 10.3389/fragi.2025.1605070. 

102. Mini - Review Benessere e salute mitocodriale https://www.mitochon.it/obiettivo-benessere-partendo-dalla-salute-dei-mitocondri/

103. Yang HM. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cardiovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Feb 23;26(5):1917. doi: 10.3390/ijms26051917.

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105. Lanzillotta S, Rolfi LR, Zulli B, Barone E. Metabolic breakdown: Linking insulin resistance and mitochondrial dysfunction to neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res. 2025 Jun 19. doi: 10.4103/NRR.NRR-D-25-00144.

106. Bai J, Zhang L, He L, Zhou Y. Altered mitochondrial function: a clue therapeutic strategies between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and chronic kidney disease? Front Nutr. 2025 Jun 13;12:1613640. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1613640.

107. Golubnitschaja O, Kapinova A, Sargheini N, Bojkova B, Kapalla M, Heinrich L, Gkika E, Kubatka P. Mini-encyclopedia of mitochondria-relevant nutraceuticals protecting health in primary and secondary care-clinically relevant 3PM innovation. EPMA J. 2024 Apr 18;15(2):163-205. doi: 10.1007/s13167-024-00358-4.

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109. Alqaderi H, Abdullah A, Finkelman M, Abufarha M, Devarajan S, Abubaker J, Ramesh N, Tavares M, Al-Mulla F, Bin-Hasan S. The relationship between sleep and salivary and serum inflammatory biomarkers in adolescents. Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 May 26;10:1175483. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1175483.  

110. Güneş ZY, Günaydın FM. The relationship between the systemic immune-inflammation index and obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Breath. 2024 Mar;28(1):311-317. doi: 10.1007/s11325-023-02913-1.

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112. Javaheri S, Javaheri S, Somers VK, Gozal D, Mokhlesi B, Mehra R, McNicholas WT, Zee PC, Campos-Rodriguez F, Martinez-Garcia MA, Cistulli P, Malhotra A. Interactions of Obstructive Sleep Apnea With the Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Disease, Part 1: JACC State-of-the-Art Review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2024 Sep 24;84(13):1208-1223. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2024.02.059. 

113. Banjade P, Kandel K, Itani A, Adhikari S, Basnet YM, Sharma M, Surani S. The Interplay between Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Congestive Heart Failure: Time to Collectively Refer to Them as Triple Overlap Syndrome? Medicina (Kaunas). 2023 Jul 27;59(8):1374. doi: 10.3390/medicina59081374. 

114. Wang Z, Wallace DA, Spitzer BW, Huang T, Taylor KD, Rotter JI, Rich SS, Liu PY, Daviglus ML, Hou L, Ramos AR, Kaur S, Durda JP, González HM, Fornage M, Redline S, Isasi CR, Sofer T. Methylation risk score of C-reactive protein associates sleep health with related health outcomes. Commun Biol. 2025 May 28;8(1):821. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08226-1.

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119. Lundetræ RS, Lehmann S, Saxvig IW, Saeed S, Gislason T, Bjorvatn B. Severity of obstructive sleep apnea is related to C-reactive protein levels: The influence of comorbidities and self-reported sleep duration. Sleep Med. 2025 Jul;131:106529. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106529.

120. Ballesio A, Vacca M, Fiori V, Micheli F, Baccini F, Di Nardo G, Lombardo C. Insomnia symptoms predict systemic inflammation in women, but not in men with inflammatory bowel disease. J Sleep Res. 2025 Jun;34(3):e14395. doi: 10.1111/jsr.14395.

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124. Mini-Review Stress psicofisico - Antiossidanti / Neuroprotettori 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/stress-psicofisico-attualita-sulluso-appropriato-di-antiossidanti-neuroprotettivi/?v=0d149b90e739

125. Kargl CK, Gage CR, Forse JN, Koltun KJ, Bird MB, Lovalekar M, Martin BJ, Nindl BC. Inflammatory and Oxidant Responses to Arduous Military Training: Associations with Stress, Sleep, and Performance. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2024 Dec 1;56(12):2315-2327. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000003525. 

126. Mini-Review Sovrappenso / Obesità - Resveratrolo - Antiossidanti 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/sovrappeso-obesita-quale-contributo-dal-resveratrolo-ed-altri-antiossidanti/?v=0d149b90e739

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128. Ma S, Li P, Li D, Zhou M, Li L, Yin W, Wang P, Zhang Y, Zhu D, Zhu P. Increasing systemic chronic inflammation mediated the association between poor sleep during pregnancy and gestational cardiovascular health. Sleep Health. 2023 Aug;9(4):460-466. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2023.01.015.

129. Xin X, Li J, Zhang J, Wu H. Association of Sleep, Inflammation and Female Infertility: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Genetic Approach. Brain Behav. 2025 Jun;15(6):e70627. doi: 10.1002/brb3.70627.

130. Yang Q, Zhang J, Fan Z. The Association Between Sleep Disorder and Female Infertility: A Mediation Analysis of Inflammatory and Oxidative Markers. Mediators Inflamm. 2025 Apr 16;2025:4572392. doi: 10.1155/mi/4572392. 

131. Carmona NE, Solomon NL, Adams KE. Sleep disturbance and menopause. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Apr 1;37(2):75-82. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000001012.

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136. Cui Y, Du H. A population-based observational study using statistical modeling to assess the association between depressive symptom severity and sleep disorders in postmenopausal women. BMC Med. 2025 Jul 15;23(1):424. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04248-y.

137. Tam J, Ferri R, Mogavero MP, Palomino M, DelRosso LM. Sex-specific changes in sleep quality with aging: Insights from wearable device analysis. J Sleep Res. 2025 Aug;34(4):e14413. doi: 10.1111/jsr.14413.

138. Baldi E, Cerolini S, Meneo D, Baglioni C, Palagini L. Insomnia Disorder: Gender Issues Over the Lifespan. J Sleep Res. 2025 Jun 3:e70110. doi: 10.1111/jsr.70110. 

139. Andersen ML, Gozal D, Tufik S. Exploring the link between comorbid insomnia and sleep apnea (COMISA) and erectile dysfunction: implications for male sexual health. Sex Med Rev. 2025 Jan 31;13(1):105-115. doi: 10.1093/sxmrev/qeae068. 

140. Zhuo Y, Lin L, Dong Q, Ye J. Testosterone Deficiency and Sleep Deprivation as Risk Factors for Psoriasis: Insights From the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol. 2025 Jun 23;18:1579-1591. doi: 10.2147/CCID.S521594.

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143. Su L, Zhang SZ, Zhu J, Wu J, Jiao YZ. Effect of partial and total sleep deprivation on serum testosterone in healthy males: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med. 2021 Dec;88:267-273. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.10.031.

144. Prokopidis K, Dionyssiotis Y. Effects of sleep deprivation on sarcopenia and obesity: A narrative review of randomized controlled and crossover trials. J Frailty Sarcopenia Falls. 2021 Jun 1;6(2):50-56. doi: 10.22540/JFSF-06-050.

145. Neroni B, Evangelisti M, Radocchia G, Di Nardo G, Pantanella F, Villa MP, Schippa S. Relationship between sleep disorders and gut dysbiosis: what affects what? Sleep Med. 2021 Nov;87:1-7. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2021.08.003. 

146. Myers B, Vidhatha R, Nicholas B, Stephanie C, Quinn T, Chang HW, Bhutani T, Liao W. Sleep and the gut microbiome in psoriasis: clinical implications for disease progression and the development of cardiometabolic comorbidities. J Psoriasis Psoriatic Arthritis. 2021 Jan;6(1):27-37. doi: 10.1177/2475530320964781. 

147. Hicks R, Gozal D, Ahmed S, Khalyfa A. Interplay between gut microbiota and exosome dynamics in sleep apnea. Sleep Med. 2025 Jul;131:106493. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2025.106493. 

148. Zhao N, Chen QG, Chen X, Liu XT, Geng F, Zhu MM, Yan FL, Zhang ZJ, Ren QG. Intestinal dysbiosis mediates cognitive impairment via the intestine and brain NLRP3 inflammasome activation in chronic sleep deprivation. Brain Behav Immun. 2023 Feb;108:98-117. doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2022.11.013.

149. Wankhede NL, Kale MB, Kyada A, M RM, Chaudhary K, Naidu KS, Rahangdale S, Shende PV, Taksande BG, Khalid M, Gulati M, Umekar MJ, Fareed M, Kopalli SR, Koppula S. Sleep deprivation-induced shifts in gut microbiota: Implications for neurological disorders. Neuroscience. 2025 Jan 26;565:99-116. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.11.070.

150. Dos Santos A, Galiè S. The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Disorders: A Systematic Review. Nutrients. 2024 Jan 29;16(3):390. doi: 10.3390/nu16030390.

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255. Mini-Review Resveratrolo Peri- Post-Menopausa https://www.mitochon.it/peri-e-post-menopausa-novita-sui-vantaggi-dellintegrazionealimentare-mirata/

256. Mini-Review Resveratrolo effetti neuroprotettivi https://www.mitochon.it/cervello-e-cognitivita-effetti-neuroprotettivi-del-resveratrolo/

257. Wu W, Meng T, Jin F, Li J, Huang J, Guo Z, Yu M, Zhou Y. Effects of resveratrol on postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Pharmacol. 2025 Jul 23;16:1588284. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1588284. 

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259. Mini-Review Resveratrolo - Età biologica / Coenzima Q10 disfunzione mitocondriale 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/resveratrolo-coenzima-q10-eta-biologica-mitocondri-cosa-ce-di-nuovo/?v=0d149b90e739

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268. Schwalfenberg GK. N-Acetylcysteine: A Review of Clinical Usefulness (an Old Drug with New Tricks). J Nutr Metab. 2021 Jun 9;2021:9949453. doi: 10.1155/2021/9949453.

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270. Mini-Review Glutatione / NAC https://www.mitochon.it/glutatione-perche-proteggere-le-sue-concentrazioni-cellulari-nellantiaging/

271. Mini-Review Pelle - Infiammazione cronica 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/la-pelle-come-scudo-contro-linfiammazione-cronica-dellorganismo/?v=0d149b90e739

272. Mini-Review N-acetilcisteina https://www.mitochon.it/n-acetilcisteina-nac-dalla-clinica-allanti-aging/

273. Mini-Review Coenzima Q10 2025 https://www.mitochon.it/il-coenzima-q10-novita-per-luso-mirato-nellantiaging-cutaneo-e-per-gli-effetti-sistemici/?v=0d149b90e739

274. Fernández-Portero C, Amián JG, Bella R, López-Lluch G, Alarcón D. Coenzyme Q10 Levels Associated With Cognitive Functioning and Executive Function in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2023 Jan 26;78(1):1-8. doi: 10.1093/gerona/glac152. 

275. Zambrelli E, Lividini A, Spadavecchia S, Turner K and Canevini MP (2021) Effects of Supplementation With Antioxidant Agents on Sleep in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review. Front. Psychiatry 12:689277. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.689277

276. Freire de Carvalho J, Skare T. Coenzyme Q10 supplementation in rheumatic diseases: A systematic review. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2024 Feb;59:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.11.016. 

277. Badaeva A, Danilov A, Kosareva A, Lepshina M, Novikov V, Vorobyeva Y, Danilov A. Neuronutritional Approach to Fibromyalgia Management: A Narrative Review. Pain Ther. 2024 Oct;13(5):1047-1061. doi: 10.1007/s40122-024-00641-2. 

278. Castro-Marrero J, Segundo MJ, Lacasa M, Martinez-Martinez A, Sentañes RS, Alegre-Martin J. Effect of Dietary Coenzyme Q10 Plus NADH Supplementation on Fatigue Perception and Health-Related Quality of Life in Individuals with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Nutrients. 2021 Jul 30;13(8):2658. doi: 10.3390/nu13082658.

279. Mini-Review Salute del sonno - antiossidanti - vitamine https://www.mitochon.it/salute-del-sonno-quale-contributo-da-antiossidanti-e-vitamine/?v=0d149b90e739